Compatibility testing is the best option. Copyright 2023 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC. 0000135019 00000 n PAO-based greases are typically used at temperatures over 100C because of thermal and oxidative concerns. Why does this happen? Our unique PAO 2.5cSt further improves flash/fire points by as much as 10 percent over other commercial polyalphaolefins. Sustained operations at elevated temperatures increase the rate of oxidation and other degradation reactions. First, dont touch the gear box; you will burn your hand. Adobe InDesign CS6 (Macintosh) John Sherman is Shell Project Lead PAG Lubricant Technology, Industrial Oils and Tech Services; Robert Profilet is Technology Manager, Industrial Lubricants; Warren Cates is Shell Senior Researcher, Industrial Oils and Tech Services; Iris Song is Shell Engineer, Industrial Oils and Tech Services; and Sameer Sathaye is Shell Project Leader Industrial Oils, Industrial Oils and Tech Services. The VI of PAOs typically only varies one to two points. While viscosity improvers can enhance VI, they can break down over time, resulting in diminished performance. There are many advantages! The choice of C10- or C12-derived PAO depends on the application and/or specification requirements. The chart compares two different formulations, one with PAO and another with Group III mineral oils The End of Test viscosity increase left very little room for error in the Group III formulation. After all, the reason a PAO is selected as a lubricant basestock is its ability to improve performance and solve problems. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart. Chemical Compatibility Guide %PDF-1.5 % <> . 0000036915 00000 n xref 232 0 obj In addition to these properties, weve also seen a significant reduction in the traction coefficient as compared to conventional high-viscosity PAOs. BioPreferred is a registered service mark of the United States Department of Agriculture. Synthetic lubricants can be very different chemically and what defines those differences are the basestocks used as the basis for the lubricant. %PDF-1.4 % hb```f``g mBU L4#o0 D Compatibility testing includes heating and holding grease for a specified time at assumed operating temperature for mixtures of 10:90, 50:50 and 90:10. Available on demand until February 16, 2024. Later used in many industrial applications from compressor, hydraulic, and turbine fluids to gear oils and metalworking fluids. These requirements or specifications will generally identify or recommend a product type (mineral oils, synthetic fluids, or bio-based fluids) and the proper performance requirements (developed into the lubricant by the component chemistry) to allow the machinery to run at an optimum level. 0000036005 00000 n Two major types of synthetic basestockspolyalkylene glycols (PAG) and polyalphaolefin (PAO)and the lubricants formulated from them, will be compared. 0000001605 00000 n After the formation of the Chevron Phillips Chemical joint venture in 2000, a 10 KTA PAO unit expansion followed soon thereafter. 0000002226 00000 n This new system improves the viscosity properties, which should be more energy conserving and achieves the ultimate biodegradation rating ASTM D5864-PW1. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 161 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> The challenge presented to a formulator is maintaining the performance levels while achieving biodegradability. <>stream The vast number of high-quality base oil choices can be confusing when balancing fuel efficiency and wear protection. Not necessarily. The PAOs . Our C12-based grades further improve flash/fire points by as much as 10 percent over other commercial polyalphaolefins. in extreme environments and to avoid plastic and elastomer compatibility problems. 0000010623 00000 n Give us a call to discuss how Synfluid PAOs can withstand the pressure in your hydraulic applications. 0000014966 00000 n So yes, PAOs can provide flexibility in your food-grade base oil selection, depending upon your performance requirements. &&3#-j`t$f>3+Jo>9rTj!ft%lA+:k$BshQ(I"&sKH9~p0njga4Z#Sm!2Y-r+E)9]m%nFA}O3>Jo#iW/1Pxq5GJ1\/n.n_>$}RX\~7Zjqh=b$@t%W8zRu{@ BZfUq(_}I/0]J6AX8*sa}5b\$d`6."$? One application in which they have not worked well is in high-temperature (high-pressure) reciprocating air compressors where valve deposits have been an issue. The primary difference between these two products is pour point. 273 0 obj <> endobj xref 273 24 0000000016 00000 n Our sustainability strategy encompasses the concerns and issues identified by our stakeholders and we are committed to addressing these issues. Synfluid PAO improves finished lubricant performance when formulated into biodegradable and biobased lubricants in low-temperature viscometrics and oxidative stability. You bet! 0000162572 00000 n These synthetic hydrocarbons are designed to provide superior lubrication performance over a wider operating-temperature range than petroleum oils and typically are less volatile. 0000003107 00000 n Polyolefin. Fluids are typically subjected to various shear and temperature conditions. Oxidative and other lubricant degradation mechanisms would follow the same trend. PAOs are the most common synthetic basestock used in industrial and automotive lubricants. Synthetic lubricants can meet these demands because they perform better than mineral oil-based lubricants in many or all the critical performance areas: reduced wear and friction, resistance to sludge formation, lower volatility, greater corrosion protection, and improved thermal and oxidative stability. News & Technology for the Global Energy Industry. 178 0 obj The chart below shows pressure coefficient comparisons between PAOs and Group III mineral oils versus pressure: Gear systems are specially designed and require highly specialized lubricants. These excellent pour points are achieved while increasing the viscosity indices (VI) over traditional HV PAO. Of course, and your options are growing! 0000036701 00000 n H|% `\ml emt8uHJs;7W*"_?~o~O? The degree of the advantage may depend on the specific PAG basestock type used (such as water-soluble, oil-soluble, etc.). Synfluid PAOs are designed to provide stable viscosities at low temperature and excellent viscometrics and deliver oxidative stability. PAOs are Newtonian fluids; in other words, their viscosities are fairly independent of shear rate. However, these products have demonstrated unique advantages in Sequence IIIF, VW T4 and TDI tests due to many of the other properties that are inherent in them. As oil volatilizes, the viscosity increase will result in poorer overall performance. The information listed in parentheses is D-1418 nomencalture, common acronyms or common trade names. This is especially true when you consider the entire operating temperature range including startup. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 163 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> Certainly! PAOs are considered a very pure substance since they are derived from petrochemically pure ethylene and then from 1-decene or 1-dodecene, which could be considered a further purification step. For instance, excellent water separation improves compressor operability by reducing the chance of emulsion formation. %%EOF Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is the enoate ester that is the 1,2-bis (methacryloyl) derivative of ethylene glycol. Actions. mary berry grandchildren names . The Ethylene price in the Europe region was dull throughout the third quarter of 2022, which abetted the declining price trend of PAO throughout Q3 in Europe. We expect that specifications for driveline fluids will continue to tighten due to pressure from energy conservation, improved transmission design and fluid longevity. They are also employed as base fluids in some wide temperature range greases. The most favorable performance is achieved by using the highest-quality base oils. These include PAOs and also relatively common polyisobutenes (PIB), which are sometimes used as oil additives or as base oils in two-stroke engines. PAOs demonstrate advantages in three key areas: safety, performance and environmental sensitivity. Polyalphaolefins offer great high temperature properties and low volatility. Chevron Phillips Chemical offers two lines of PAOs. And we pioneered and patented our unique C12-based PAOs in the 1990s. Group III mineral oils and Group IV PAOs are not of the same quality. However, Synfluid PAOs can be formulated to be biodegradable and are well known for standing out from conventional base oils. According to analysis conducted by Kline & Co., more than 78% of all lubricant requirements in the world annually are met with the use of mineral oil-based fluids. Satisfactory to 72F (22C) 2. Glad you asked! Some claim the Viscosity Index (VI) is the overriding parameter used when choosing a base oil. These combined benefits provide the properties required for severe service applications and extended drain intervals. Unlike other industrial basestocks, PAOs are generally classified by their kinematic viscosity at 100C. This is a far greater benefit than can be achieved from other base oils. PAG-based lubricants are commonly used in compressors, gearboxes, air conditioning systems, metalworking, quenching, and hydraulic systems where fire-resistance or environmental acceptability are required. Disadvantages of PAG-based lubricants are summarized in Table 3. endobj There can be many benefits from choosing a high VI base fluid. JFIF Adobe d ##''$ %'% $('++++'()02520)7;;;;7;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ""2(! During 2011, Chevron Phillips Chemical acquired PAO assets in Beringen, Belgium, and began mPAO production in Texas. For the highest quality and performance, choose Synfluid PAO. Increased Recreational Boating Activities to Fuel Marine Lubricants Demand in the U.S. Biosynthetic Technologies Announces The Launch Of A New Line Of Oleo Derived Additives For Metalworking Fluid Applications, Fluitec Becomes World's First Industrial Lubricant Company to Achieve B Corp Certification, Unboxing: Mystik JT-9 LeakShield AW Hydraulic Oil, FS9V4 Particle Pal Plus w/ Atten2 Particle Counting & ID Technology, Shell Turbine Oil with Gas To Liquid Technology (Turbo S4 X & GX), Why machines fail and what you can do to prevent it, Developed in the 1930s; first commercial engine oils in 1970s, Made from ethylene gas; still crude oil/natural gas dependent, Higher temperature resistance than mineral oil, PAO up to approximately 160C (320F) continuous service; 270C (520F) intermittent, No wax content, therefore best low temperature of all synthetics (approximately minus 50C to minus 60C or minus 70F), Higher VI (approximately 130 to 140) than mineral oil (nearly 100), Less volatile than mineral oil (higher flash point, less flammable, lower hydrocarbon emissions), Polyalphaolefin base oil not necessarily less wear than mineral base oil (additive-dependent property), Problems very non-polar (low natural solvency, additive solubility, lower lubricity and, Must blend in 5 to 20 percent ester base oil for seal swell, additive solubility and lubricity, Costs four times more than mineral oil, less than other synthetics. The most favorable performance is achieved by using the highest-quality base oils. material chemical compatibility This clearly shows that a PAO base oil substitution can significantly lower operating temperatures of the gear box and extend the required maintenance interval. Polyalphaolefin Characteristics These compounds are not discernable in Synfluid PAOs. As the chart above shows, lower-viscosity oils can be made without sacrificing low volatility by using PAO base oils. 0000002192 00000 n End-users must first select a lubricant based upon its intended application, such as engine oil, transmission oil, hydraulic oil, wire rope lubricant, electric motor grease, etc. They may also be used in applications and areas that may result in incidental food contact or on equipment where there is a potential exposure of the lubricated part to food, such as on food processing equipment as a protective anti-rust film. Effect of Base Oil Type on Gear Box Temperatures. 0000034812 00000 n Furthermore, the process is a simpler, more energy-efficient route for grease production. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 162 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> Low-viscosity PAO fluids are used in automotive applications, such as engine oil and gear lubricants. 0000021835 00000 n startxref 0000034554 00000 n Chevron Phillips Chemicals PAO history dates back to December 1980, when the continuous PAO unit at Cedar Bayou, Texas, started up with heritage Gulf Oil, which Chevron Chemical subsequently acquired in 1985. PAOs also resist viscosity increases upon oxidation, which is important in sequence IIIE and VW T4 engine tests. Specifically, soybean-derived oils or other bio-derived oils alone would not meet some oxidative stability and low-temperature performance requirements. Both lubricant types are used in industrial gearboxes, compressors, and even air conditioning systems. The chart differentiates the blending capabilities of various base oils to meet energy-efficient motor oils. Refined mineral oils often contain sulfurs, aromatics and other compounds that can erode the quality and consistency of a mineral oil. This article will discuss the most common synthetic fluids aiming to help end-users make the right choice for their applications. 0000001764 00000 n Polyalphaolefin is by far the most common major synthetic base oil used in industrial and automotive lubricants. 0000001332 00000 n 0000034419 00000 n The more EO monomer in the basestock, the more water-soluble; the more PO monomer, the more water-insoluble; and the more BO monomer, the more oil-soluble the basestock is. %PDF-1.4 % The differences in flash, fire, volatility and viscosity highlight the flexibility benefits of using a Synfluid PAO. To mitigate this effect, We recommend taking a look at Synfluid PAO 5 and PAO 7, due to their excellent Noack volatilities of 5.5% and 2.3%, respectively. Thermal conductivity is the measure of the ability to conduct heat. 0000140193 00000 n A grease formulated with Synfluid PAO and OMGs Calciplex grease precursor could yield a multipurpose product, which allows for consolidation of your grease inventory. 0000001216 00000 n In addition, a PAO-based multi-purpose grease can be formulated to be both H1 and kosher approved. 0000000416 00000 n You can see a medical doctor for your burn, but Dr. Ken Hope can help with your base oil and formulation challenges. RESISTANCE CHART RATINGS CHEMICAL EFFECT A No effectExcellent B Minor effectGood 2. It is a synthetic hydrocarbon (SHC) that mimics the best hydrocarbon (branched, non-ring) structure found in mineral oils and so corrects for many disadvantages of using mineral oil lubricants, including poor low-temperature fluidity, poor viscosity index, sludge deposits, and high volatility. proof:pdf Buna-N Satisfactory for "O . The PAOsare produced through synthesizing oligomers of either 1-decene or 1-dodecene. 2013-07-10T14:05:23-05:00 The degree of the disadvantage for seal and paint compatibility may depend on the specific PAG basestock type used (such as water-soluble, oil-soluble, etc.). 2014-03-26T09:12:59.004-05:00 56 0 obj<>stream Nine standard circulating fluids including d-Limonene, FC77 Flourinert, Galden, Lexol 408, Paratherm CR, Coolanol and PAO. The chart below shows the trends in industry specifications regarding low-temperature performance relative to Synfluid PAO. Our customers quickly realized the advantages in volatility, low-temperature viscometrics, VI and flash and fire points in equiviscous blends compared to 1-decene-based materials. Synfluid PAOs have very narrow molecular weight ranges, which are attributed to our high-purity feedstocks. More uniform in structure than conventional PAO basestocks, they provide similar advantages of high viscosity indices, excellent low-temperature fluidity, and shear stability but with additional thickening ability. The effects of the shear rate differences are even more exaggerated at low-temperature startup conditions, when the lubricant function is critical for equipment protection. Polyalphaolefin (PAO) is manufactured through a synthetic chemical process that originates from ethylene. The trend falls short when comparisons are made between PAOs and mineral oils, based solely on the VI. Dominant in a commercial sense are polyethylene and polypropylene. PAG- and PAO-based lubricants rarely compete in industrial applications. Our safety, technical and regulatory product information, as well as company and industry resources. When you add up the benefits, you may see that one plus one can make more than two. The results indicate that the CSC 980 Tan grease has a running torque of 3.77 N-m versus 10.9 N-m for the same grease with an alternate base oil.